What Is the Difference Between Art Therapy and Expressive Art Therapy?

Utilise of creative arts equally a class of therapy

The expressive therapies are the employ of the creative arts as a form of therapy, including the singled-out disciplines expressive arts therapy and the artistic arts therapies (art therapy, dance/motion therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, writing therapy, poetry therapy, and psychodrama). Unlike traditional arts expression, the procedure of creation is emphasized rather than the concluding product. The expressive therapies are based on the assumption that people tin heal through the various forms of creative expression. Expressive therapists share the belief that through creative expression and the tapping of the imagination, people can examine their body, feelings, emotions, and idea process.

History [edit]

Early years [edit]

Margaret Namburg, Edith Kramer, Hanna Kwiatkowska and Elinor Ulman have been credited with being the pioneers of the field of sensory art therapy. While all of these scientists made significant contributions, Margaret Namburg has been hailed the "Mother of Art Therapy". Her work focused on the use of fine art, mainly as a psychoanalytic diagnostic tool. It followed closely other psychoanalytic practices of the time, and was viewed as the communication of unconscious ideas and emotions that were being expressed by the patient.^[ane]

Modern approaches [edit]

Today'southward art therapy is broken down into three dissimilar approaches: psychodynamic, humanistic, learning and developmental. The psychodynamic approach uses terms such as "transference" and defense machinery to describe why individuals express the art in the way they do, and why this is an expression of the subconscious. The humanistic approach is more of a positive psychology approach, and is defined by an optimistic view of humans, and how expression through their art allows them to take control over these emotions. The learning and developmental approach focuses on the art therapy as a method to assistance children who have emotional and developmental disabilities.^[two]

Definition and credentialing [edit]

Expressive arts therapy is the exercise of using imagery, storytelling, trip the light fantastic toe, music, drama, verse, motion, horticulture, dreamwork, and visual arts together, in an integrated way, to foster human being growth, evolution, and healing.^[three] Expressive arts therapy is its own distinct therapeutic discipline, an inter-modal discipline where the therapist and client motility freely between cartoon, dancing, music, drama, and poetry.^[4]

Co-ordinate to the National Organization for Arts in Health (NOAH), what distinguishes the six creative arts therapies—art, trip the light fantastic/motion, drama, music and verse therapy as well as psychodrama—from expressive arts therapy is that expressive arts therapy interventions are designed to include more than 1 of the "expressive" art forms^[5] (art, dance, drama, music, poetry), whereas creative arts therapists, such as art, trip the light fantastic toe/motion, drama, music, poetry and psychodrama therapists, are often intensively trained and educated to employ only one modality in their practice.^{[6] : 6–7} But NOAH besides acknowledged that the terms "are often used interchangeably in the field", and that in whatever case all such professionals should interact closely.^{[six] : 10, 18, 22}

The International Expressive Arts Therapy Association (IEATA) is the responsible system handling the credentialing of expressive arts therapists.^[7]

The National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies Association (NCCATA) connects all six modalities of the creative arts therapies. However, each modality of the creative arts therapies has its own national clan that regulates professional credentials, establishes educational standards and hosts annual conferences for the purpose of exchanging new ideas and inquiry.^[8]

Pedagogy [edit]

Each national clan of the different modalities of expressive therapies sets its own educational standards. In the United States, there are a off-white number of colleges that offer approved programs in compliance with the national associations' credentialing requirements.

There are 37 universities for music therapy,^[9] 34 universities for art therapy,^[10] seven universities for trip the light fantastic/movement therapy,^[11] and five universities for drama therapy,^[12] equally well as 5 universities for expressive arts therapy,^[thirteen] that have approved master's degree programs in the United states of america. In improver, the American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) has 75 undergraduate music therapy programs approved.^[nine] In one case finished with an bookish degree, potential therapists have to apply for credentialing at the responsible national association.

Creative arts therapies modalities [edit]

There are half dozen creative arts therapy modalities, recognized by the NCCATA, including fine art therapy, dance therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, poetry therapy and psychodrama.^[8] In some areas, the terms Creative Arts Therapy and Artistic Arts Therapist may merely be used by those who are properly licensed, every bit is the instance in the State of New York. ^[fourteen]

Art therapy [edit]

Created in the 1940s, Art therapy consists of the combination of psychotherapy and art. ^[xv] The creative process too as the created art piece serves equally a foundation for self-exploration, understanding, credence and eventually healing and personal growth. The artistic act in therapy therefore can be seen every bit a means of re-experiencing inner conflict continued to resolution.^[xvi] The iv main types are expression, imagination, active participation, and mind-torso connection. ^[17]Assisting in those with depression, chest cancer, and asthma, fine art therapy can exist washed at any age and does not require and skill set.^[18] Fine art Therapy has undergone extensive inquiry which revealed that information technology decreases feet, increases self-concept and quality of life, and reduces negative thoughts. With ii main goals in mind, Fine art Therapy strives to enhance personal and relational goals for those in demand. Cocky-esteem, social skills, and cerebral functions are also said to be an expanse of importance. A certified art therapist is essential in order for the therapy to ensure improvement, however mutual art therapy using even a friend to discuss trauma can be enough to help someone. ^[nineteen]

Dance/movement therapy [edit]

Like other creative arts therapy modalities, dance/move therapy is based on the assumption that "mind, torso and spirit are inseparable and interconnected" (ADTA).^[20] Motility is the principal tool of intervention in a therapy session, just dance/movement therapy as well uses the art of play in therapy. Like other creative art therapies it uses primarily nonverbal communication.^[20] Dance and movement therapy has shown to exist the most beneficial in those who enjoy exercises that involve less talking an expression through movements. ^[21]

Drama therapy [edit]

Drama therapy refers to the combination of the 2 disciplines drama/theatre and psychotherapy.^[22] Drama Therapy, as a hybrid of both disciplines, uses theater techniques to treat individuals with mental wellness, cognitive, and developmental disorders.^[23] Through the art of play and pretend, patients proceeds perspective in therapy to their life experiences, which in the field is referred to equally "aesthetic distance".^[24]

A psychotherapist using Expressive Therapy with a client, to communicate through characters

Music therapy [edit]

Music Therapy is the use of music, music-making, or other music-related interventions inside a therapeutic relationship. Music therapy is a broad field with many areas and populations to specialize in. A holistic practice, music therapy tin can address emotional/psychological, cognitive, communication, motor, sensory, hurting, social, behavioral, end of life, and even spiritual needs. This is due in part to music being processed in many areas of the brain. Music therapy helps patients "communicate, process hard experiences, and improve motor or cognitive functioning" (Jenni Rook, MT-BC, LCPC, 2016).^[25] When used as psychotherapy, at its cadre, music therapy may use music as a symbolic representation and expression of the psychological world of the individual.^[26]

Music Therapy also benefits a variety of disorders, like cardiac and mental disorders. It aids those who suffer from depression, anxiety, autism, substance abuse, and Alzheimer'south. In cases where a person is suffering from mental disorders, music relieves stress, improves cocky-esteem, etc. ^[27] Testify has shown that people who have used Music Therapy in the by have improved in several aspects of life that do non concern just those suffering from mental illness. In music therapy people may better their singing which may then impact their ability to speak. Therefore, it can modify several aspects of life, non merely those of helping mental illness.^[28]

Verse therapy [edit]

Poesy therapy (also referred to using the hypernym bibliotherapy) stands out from other creative arts therapies, which are all based on the assumption of the beingness of a linguistic communication that functions without words. Poesy therapy, however, is the utilise of the written word to bring healing and personal growth.^[29]

Psychodrama [edit]

Psychodrama is a distinct form of psychotherapy developed by Jacob L. Moreno in the early 20th century. Moreno, a trained psychoanalyst himself, had the goal of creating a more effective, action-based form of psychoanalysis as developed past Sigmund Freud and C.G. Jung. He developed a clear 3 phase construction (warm up, action, sharing) to his therapy every bit well equally multiple intervention-methods that are nevertheless used by psychodrama therapists today.^[30]

Although related, psychodrama and drama therapy draw dissimilar modalities within the field of creative arts therapies.^[31] Whereas psychodrama uses real-life experience of the patients in therapy to "do new and more effective roles and behaviors" (ASGPP),^[xxx] drama therapy lets the patients explore more fictional stories, such as improvised scenes, myths or fairy tales.^[32]

Benefits [edit]

1. Self-discovery
   • This discovery often leads to a relief of emotional tension caused by by events, and can be used as a coping machinery.^[33]
2. Empowerment
   • Art therapy gives individuals the power to clear their fears and stresses in a not-conventional mode, and often leads to sense of command over these emotions.^[33]
3. Stress relief
   • Effective for stress relief by itself, simply tin provide fifty-fifty better results if paired with other relaxation devices such as guided imagery.^[33]
4. Concrete pain relief and rehabilitation
   • Fine art therapy has been shown to help decrease pain in patients who are recovering from disease and injury. It has also been used in patients who are chronically or terminally ill, to provide relief and pain control.^[33]

Empirical show [edit]

Ball (2002) [edit]

Brawl conducted long-term research on five children who were considered to exist severely emotionally disturbed. These children participated in 50 art therapy sessions, and the results suggested that the art therapy was successful, and the children showed marked progress in their treatment over the course of the l sessions.^[34]

Pifalo (2006) [edit]

In this study, 41 girls or young women who had been sexually abused were given structured group art therapy for eight weeks, and were measured before treatment using the Briere'southward Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC). They were given the test over again afterward the treatment, and for 9 out of 10 of the girls, a statistically significant reduction in scores on the exam were observed.^[35]

Bar-Sela, Atid, Danos, Gabay & Epelbaum (2007) [edit]

This study worked with 60 adults who had cancer. These adults attended weekly individual art therapy, in add-on to watercolor painting classes. Later simply four sessions, the experimental group saw marked and significant improvement in depression and fatigue, as measured by the Infirmary Anxiety and Low Scale and a brief fatigue inventory. While they showed a decrease in depression, in that location was no significant difference in the levels of anxiety of the patients.^[36]

Gusak (2006) [edit]

In this study, the researcher worked with 29 incarcerated men. The men attended viii sessions of group art therapy, and were tested before and after the treatment using the Beck Depression Inventory Short Form. After the eight sessions, all of the men showed significant improvement in the symptoms of low and their score on the Beck Depression Inventory reflected these improvements.^[37]

Bulfone et al. (2009) [edit]

In this study Bulfone et al. utilized music therapy as their handling. 60 women who had been diagnosed with stage 1 or two chest cancer were randomly assigned to a control or experimental grouping. The control group received standard assistance earlier chemotherapy, while the experimental group had the adventure to listen to music before the chemotherapy began. The results showed that the anxiety levels of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control grouping, and also showed a significantly lower level of depression.^[38]

Run into also [edit]

• Movie theater therapy
• Clinical psychology
• Counseling psychology
• Expressive therapies continuum
• Liberty of spoken communication
• Psychotherapy

References [edit]

1. ^ Malchiodi, Cathy (2003). Handbook of Art Therapy. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. eight–ten.
2. ^ Mirabella, Giovanni (2015). "Is Art Therapy a Reliable Tool for Rehabilitating People Suffering from Brain/Mental Diseases?". The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 21 (4): 196–199. doi:10.1089/acm.2014.0374. PMID 25848886.
3. ^ Appalachian Expressive Arts Collective, 2003, Expressive Arts Therapy: Creative Process in Art and Life. Boone, Northward Carolina: Parkway Publishers. p. 3.
4. ^ Malchiodi, Cathy A. (2003). Expressive Therapies. New York: Guilford Press. ISBNone-59385-379-3.
5. ^ "What is the difference between art therapy, music therapy, trip the light fantastic toe/movement therapy, poesy therapy, and expressive arts therapy?". Ieata.org. IEATA. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
6. ^ ^{a b} "Arts, wellness and well-being in America". Thenoah.cyberspace. National Organization of Arts in Health (NOAH). 2017. Retrieved 2018-08-ten .
7. ^ "REAT Registered Expressive Arts Therapist". Ieata.org . Retrieved 2018-08-17 .
8. ^ ^{a b} "Nigh NCCATA". Nccata.org. National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies. Retrieved 2018-08-17 .
9. ^ ^{a b} "System Directory Search Results". Netforum.avectra.com . Retrieved 2018-08-sixteen .
10. ^ "Art Therapy Master's Education – American Art Therapy Association". American Art Therapy Association . Retrieved 2018-08-16 .
11. ^ "Approved Graduate Programs | ADTA". ADTA . Retrieved 2018-08-sixteen .
12. ^ "Accredited Schools". Nadta.org . Retrieved 2018-08-16 .
13. ^ "Main Degree in Expressive Arts Therapy". Ieata.org . Retrieved 15 November 2018.
14. ^ New York State Education Department, Office of the Professions. "Creative Arts Therapy License Requirements". Mental Wellness Practitioners: Creative Arts Therapy License Requirements . Retrieved xi Nov 2020.
15. ^ "Music Therapy: What Is It, Types & Treatment". Cleveland Clinic . Retrieved 2022-02-17 .
16. ^ Jones, Phil (2005). The arts therapies : a revolution in healthcare. Hove, East Sussex [England]: Brunner-Routledge. p. 24. ISBN1583918132. OCLC 54881831.
17. ^ "What are Expressive Arts Therapy? — Modalities". Integrative Psychotherapy & Trauma Treatment . Retrieved 2022-03-10 .
18. ^ "The effectiveness of expressive arts therapies: A review of the literature » PACJA". Retrieved 2022-03-10 .
19. ^ Regev, Dafna; Cohen-Yatziv, Liat (2018-08-29). "Effectiveness of Art Therapy With Adult Clients in 2018—What Progress Has Been Fabricated?". Frontiers in Psychology. 9: 1531. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01531. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC6124538. PMID 30210388.
20. ^ ^{a b} "What is Dance/Motion Therapy?". ADTA. 2014-11-08. Retrieved 2018-08-22 .
21. ^ Regev, Dafna; Cohen-Yatziv, Liat (2018-08-29). "Effectiveness of Art Therapy With Adult Clients in 2018—What Progress Has Been Made?". Frontiers in Psychology. ix: 1531. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01531. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC6124538. PMID 30210388.
22. ^ J., Landy, Robert (1996). Essays in drama therapy : the double life. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 1–iv. ISBN1853023221. OCLC 32969359.
23. ^ "MA in Drama Therapy – Drama Therapy – NYU Steinhardt". Steinhardt.nyu.edu . Retrieved 2018-08-22 .
24. ^ Landy, Robert J. (1983-09-01). "The utilise of distancing in drama therapy". The Arts in Psychotherapy. ten (3): 175–185. doi:x.1016/0197-4556(83)90006-0. ISSN 0197-4556.
25. ^ "6 Ways Music Eases Anxiety". Anxiety.org . Retrieved xv November 2018.
26. ^ Tony, Wigram (2002). A comprehensive guide to music therapy : theory, clinical practice, research, and training. Pedersen, Inge Nygaard., Bonde, Lars Ole. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 11, 35–36. ISBN1417505249. OCLC 55091497.
27. ^ "Music Therapy: What Is It, Types & Treatment". Cleveland Dispensary . Retrieved 2022-03-ten .
28. ^ "The effectiveness of expressive arts therapies: A review of the literature » PACJA". Retrieved 2022-03-10 .
29. ^ Bare, Barbara Trainin (2013-12-12). "Verse Therapy: Using Words to Heal". SocialWorker.com . Retrieved 2018-08-22 .
30. ^ ^{a b} "What is Psychodrama" (PDF). Asgpp.org. American Lodge of Grouping Psychotherapy and Psychodrama.
31. ^ Kedem-Tahar, Efrat; Felix-Kellermann, Peter (1996). "Psychodrama and drama therapy: A comparison". The Arts in Psychotherapy. 23 (1): 27–36. doi:10.1016/0197-4556(95)00059-3. ISSN 0197-4556.
32. ^ "What are Expressive Arts Therapy? — Modalities". Integrative Psychotherapy & Trauma Treatment . Retrieved 2022-03-10 .
33. ^ ^{a b c d} "Sensory art therapies". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2017-05-10.
34. ^ Ball, B. (2002). Moments of alter in the art therapy process. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 29(2), 79–92.
35. ^ Pifalo, T. (2006). Art therapy with sexually abused children and adolescents: Extended research written report. Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 23(four), 181–185.
36. ^ Bar-Sela, G., Atid, L., Danos, S., Gabay, N., & Epelbaum, R. (2007). Art therapy improved depression and influenced fatigue levels in cancer patients on chemotherapy. Psycho- oncology, 16, 980–984.
37. ^ Gussak, D. (2006). Effects of fine art therapy with prison inmates: A follow-up study. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 33, 188–198.
38. ^ Bulfone, Teresa; Quattrin, Rosanna (2009). "Effectiveness of Music Therapy for Anxiety Reduction in Women with Breast Cancer Chemother Treatment". Holist Basics Pract. 4: 238–242.

External links [edit]

• International Expressive Arts Therapy Clan (Worldwide)
• National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies Associations (United States)
• American Fine art Therapy Association
• American Dance Therapy Association
• North American Drama Therapy Association
• American Music Therapy Clan
• National Association for Verse Therapy
• American Club for Group Psychotherapy and Psychodrama
• Expressive Arts Therapy Association of Hong Kong (Hong Kong and Mainland Mainland china)

henleycoundtowned.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressive_therapies

Share this post